THE FEDERAL CENTER FOR STATE SANITARY & EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE
(GOSSANEPIDNADZOR FEDERAL CENTER)
AN ACCREDITED LABORATORY TEST CENTER
| Legal address: 19A Varshavskoe Avenue, Moscow 117005 Telephone/Fax: (095) 954-02-09, Fax: (095) 952-54-54OKPO 01909971, OGRN 1037700255999 INN/KPP 7726008570/772601001 |
Accreditation Certificate No. цящм.RU 01 dd. June 30, 2003 State Register Entry Valid till June 30, 2008 |
LABORATORY TEST MINUTES No. 2878-2880
dd. November 11, 2005
Sample taking date and time: November 8, 2005
Sample delivery date and time: November 8, 2005
Sample taking purpose: toxicity index identification
Sample code: 2878 T 1105 – 2880 T 1105
Sample description: water-pipe water (Samples 1-3)
Additional data:
- 2878 T 1105 – Sample No. 1 – water taken out of Moscow City Western Administrative Circuit water supply system;
- 2879 T 1105 – Sample No. 2 – water taken out of the city water supply system and purified by reverse osmosis method with use of an appliance manufactured by Zepter (EE-RO-6PF);
- 2878 T 1105 – Sample No. 3 – Sample No. 2 treated by Aquator appliance.
| Officer responsible for making of these Minutes: | (Signed) | /KONONENKO I.N./ |
| Signature | Full name | |
| Laboratory Test Center Head (Deputy Head) Officer: | (Signed) | /BRAGINA I.F./ |
| Signature | Full name |
These Minutes describe the tested sample only and may not be reproduced, unless permitted by the Laboratory Test Center.
Round seal: The Federal Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology* The Federal Service (illegible)* MOSCOW* |
Results of measurements of an index of toxicity
| Sample No. 1 | Sample No. 2 | Sample No. 3 |
 |
 |
 |
| Index of toxicity: 107.6 | Index of toxicity: 111.5 | Index of toxicity: 118.6 |
Index of Toxicity (It) is parameter descriptive of level, to which potable water is safe for human consumption. The total number of under-regulation and under-control parameters, which, in their aggregate, are formative for the actual safety of water in correspondence with World Health Organization recommendations, includes, presently, more than 100 norms & standards. This entails major complications in the applicable chemical analysis control procedure, which (even if full-scale water quality analysis is made per each parameter) cannot provide any adequate idea of their aggregate effects produced upon human organism as a whole. It should be added that the control procedure does not cover any factors not provided for in the applicable norms & standards or factors, which have never been studied adequately in terms of their water safety effects.
In view of these, along with traditional water quality control methods, the industrial & potable water supply system employs biological test methods based on identification of water non-safety levels by way of responses observed in living organisms prepared specially for the purpose (test objects).
What is special about such methods is that they provide opportunity to make an integral evaluation of the aggregate effects produced by all factors (of chemical, physical or bacteriological nature) upon any test object used.
To identify the under-test water sample quality, the study performed employed biotesting method with use of a cellular test object. Evaluation of the toxicity index was compliant with methods developed by a team of authors headed by Rakhmanin Yu.A. (No. жня об п 005-95) and approved by Russian GOSSTANDART Deputy Chairperson on October 12, 1995.
The employed methods were selected not only to prove that the under-test water samples are up to the applicable sanitary & hygienic requirements (with quality of the under-test samples being as it was, results obtained were essentially inevitable), but also to obtain test data sufficient for evaluation of comprehensive effects produced by the whole aggregate of water sample properties upon the biological test object.
As the cellular test object, the researchers used granulated bovine sperm. The employed methods are sufficient for establishment of the fact that mobility rates of a spermatozoa suspension put into a cuvette containing a water sample is dependent on time.
The major purpose gametal cells have as containers of hereditary information is ovum fertilization. Whether this purpose can actually be performed depends on whether there is an opportunity for such cells to more towards the fertilization site. Therefore, it is the mobility, which is the key parameter of physiological, biochemical and morphological status of spermatozoa, and it is highly sensitive to a wide range of factors.
The under-test mobility (m) is the function of mobile cell concentration C and the average module of mobile cell velocity V.
m = a x C x V
where “a” is ratio dependent on the measuring system design.
Viability and life span are describable by the under-test mobile spermatozoa concentration (C). The module of movement velocity (V) is descriptive of motive activity. On the basis of (m) rate, the employed methods make it possible to calculate rate of such system parameters, as average (as per five tests) summary mobility (s) and average life time (t) of the spermatozoa.
Results obtained through the experiment are stated below in two tables. The obtained rates are stated in Conventional Units.
Table 1.
Summary mobility rates
| Sample | Test 1 | Test 2 | Test 3 | Test 4 | Test 5 | Average summary mobility (s) | %% share held by s in relation to Sample W |
| Sample W | 3918 | 4050 | 4285 | 2315 | 4260 | 3765,6 | 100 |
| Sample F | 2514 | 1901 | 3477 | 4360 | 4014 | 3253,2 | 86 |
| Sample T | 2911 | 3064 | 4667 | 4247 | 4771 | 3932,0 | 104 |
Table 2.
Average life time
| Sample | Average life time (t) | %% share held by t in relation to Sample W |
| Sample W | 38.1 | 100 |
| Sample F | 39.6 | 104 |
| Sample T | 42.2 | 110 |
Data obtained through the experiment show that, put into Sample F, spermatozoa have, relatively, the lowest activity rate, while Sample T has the best rates in all parameters selected, which means that it has a set of properties beneficial for the selected test object.